文献类型：期刊文献

中文题名：教育机会不平等:来自CEPS的新证据

英文题名：Inequality of Opportunity in Educational Achievement:Evidence from CEPS

作者：江求川[1];任洁[2]

第一作者：江求川

机构：[1]郑州大学商学院,450001;[2]河南财经政法大学数学与信息科学学院,450018

第一机构：郑州大学商学院,450001

年份：2020

期号：4

起止页码：165-184

中文期刊名：南开经济研究

外文期刊名：Nankai Economic Studies

收录：CSTPCD;;国家哲学社会科学学术期刊数据库;北大核心:【北大核心2017】；社科基金资助期刊;CSSCI:【CSSCI2019_2020】；

基金：国家自然科学基金青年项目(11901154);河南省高等学校重点科研项目计划(15A790023);河南省高等学校青年骨干培养计划“教育机会不平等测度、形成机制与对策研究”(2020GGJS021);郑州大学经济学管理学新兴学科孵化研究基地项目(32610168)的资助。

语种：中文

中文关键词：基础教育;机会不平等;城乡差异;教育质量

外文关键词：Elementary Education;Inequality of Opportunity;Rural-Urban Differences;Quality of Education

摘要：大量研究探讨了中国高等教育的机会不平等问题,但针对中国基础教育阶段机会不平等的研究则较少。本文利用中国教育追踪调查数据测算了初中阶段的教育机会不平等程度。研究发现:(1)初中阶段存在非常显著的教育结果差异,且初中高年级的教育结果差异问题更严重;(2)低年级的教育结果差异中大约有6%~11%由教育机会不平等所致,而高年级学生的教育机会不平等是8%~22%左右;(3)农村的初中生虽然有更严重的教育结果差异问题,但城市初中生面临更加严重的教育机会不平等问题;(4)家庭背景在城市教育机会不平等中的作用力比在农村中大;(5)无论城市还是农村,学校特征(质量)依然是众多教育机会不平等诱导因素中的最主要因素。本文的结论表明,促进基础教育阶段的教育质量均等化对改善中国教育机会不平等情况和维护社会公平有重要意义。
This paper studies inequality of opportunity in educational achievement in elementary school in China.Utilizing the first wave of China Educational Panel Survey,we measure the inequality of educational achievement and the inequality of educational opportunity among the seventh and the ninth grade students.The results show that there are significant disparities in educational achievement in both grades,but much more serious in the higher grade.Inequality of opportunity accounts for up to 6%~11%of all disparities in educational achievement in the seventh grade,while that accounts for up to 8%~22%of all disparities in educational achievement in the ninth grade.When separating the sample into rural and urban subsamples,we find that rural students have more inequality in educational achievement than urban students.However,urban students suffer more inequality in educational opportunity.By decomposing the effect of different types of circumstance variables,it shows that school characteristics are the most important source of educational opportunity inequality.Family background is also an important source of educational opportunity inequality in urban,but it plays a relatively minor role in rural.That means equalizing quality of education in elementary school will play an important role in promoting education equity in China.