文献类型：期刊文献

中文题名：《民法典》背景下商事显失公平合同变更权问题研究

英文题名：Research on the Right to Change Commercial Obviously Unfair Contract under the Background of Corpus of Civil Law

作者：卞亚璇[1];王长华[2]

第一作者：卞亚璇

机构：[1]重庆大学法学院,重庆400044;[2]河南财经政法大学民商经济法学院,河南郑州450046

第一机构：重庆大学法学院,重庆400044

年份：2021

卷号：19

期号：6

起止页码：21-30

中文期刊名：江苏海洋大学学报：人文社会科学版

外文期刊名：Journal of Jiangsu Ocean University(Humanities &Social Sciences Edition)

收录：国家哲学社会科学学术期刊数据库

基金：国家社会科学基金项目(17BFX007)。

语种：中文

中文关键词：商事合同;显失公平;变更权;《商法通则》;部分撤销;《民法典》

外文关键词：commercial contract;obviously unfair;right of change;The General Principles of Commercial Law;partial revocation;Corpus of Civil Law

摘要：关于显失公平的认定,我国《民法典》第151条采取的是主客观相结合的方法,回归了大陆法传统,但却将“可变更”效力删除,仅保留了“可撤销”效力。鉴于保留商事显失公平合同变更权合乎效率和公平价值、商事显失公平合同的认定更侧重考察客观要件、赋予商事显失公平合同变更权符合国际立法趋势,因此宜保留商事显失公平合同变更权。为了克服以往变更权的立法弊端并补足立法漏洞,需对变更权进行制度设计:变更权行使主体为受损害方;变更与撤销为并列关系,由受损害方择一行使,采司法调解前置,经调解,双方达成变更合意且无其他效力瑕疵或者受损害方仍主张撤销的,法院或仲裁机关应当支持;双方未达成变更合意且受损害方仍请求变更的,需明确变更后的具体事项或法律状态,确需司法变更的,变更标准宜回归任意性规范;商事显失公平合同变更权宜被规定于《商法通则》的“商行为”中。此外,可视情况采用部分撤销。
Article 151 of Corpus of Civil Law in China adopts subjective and objective elements to determine obviously unfair,returning to the tradition of mainland law.However,the“effect of modification”is deleted,leaving only“revocable effect”.In view of the efficiency and fair value of retaining the right to change the commercial obviously unfair contract,the identification of the commercial obviously unfair contract focuses more on the objective elements,and giving the right to change the commercial obviously unfair contract is in line with the international legislative trend,it is appropriate to retain the right to change the commercial obviously unfair contract.In order to overcome the legislative disadvantages of the right of change and make up the legislative loopholes,it is necessary to design the system of the right of change.The subject of the exercise of the right of change is the injured party;if the change and cancellation are in a parallel relationship,the injured party shall choose one to exercise it,and judicial mediation shall be adopted before it.After mediation,both parties reach an agreement on the change without other defects,or the injured party still advocates cancellation,the court or arbitration organ shall support it.If both parties fail to reach an agreement on the change and the injured party still requests the change,it is necessary to clarify the specific matters or legal status after the change.If judicial change is really necessary,the change standard should return to arbitrary norms.The right to change the contract is stipulated in the“commercial act”of The General Principles of Commercial Law.In addition,partial revocation may be adopted as appropriate.