文献类型：期刊文献

中文题名：东北典型黑土区坡沟侵蚀耦合关系

英文题名：Coupling Mechanism of Slope-gully Erosion in Typical Black Soil Area of Northeast China

作者：王文娟[1];张树文[2];方海燕[3]

第一作者：王文娟

机构：[1]河南财经政法大学资源与环境科学系;[2]中国科学院东北地理与农业生态研究所;[3]中国科学院地理科学与资源研究所

第一机构：河南财经政法大学资源与环境学院

年份：2012

卷号：27

期号：12

起止页码：2113-2122

中文期刊名：自然资源学报

外文期刊名：Journal of Natural Resources

收录：CSTPCD;;北大核心:【北大核心2011】；CSSCI:【CSSCI2012_2013】；CSCD:【CSCD2011_2012】；

基金：国家自然科学青年基金项目(40901133);国家自然科学基金面上项目(40771162);河南省教育厅科学技术研究指导计划项目(12B170001);河南财经政法大学博士科研启动基金

语种：中文

中文关键词：土壤侵蚀;坡沟侵蚀关系;地理信息系统;侵蚀沟密度

外文关键词：soil erosion; relation of slope-gully erosion; geographic information system; gully density

摘要：东北黑土区是中国重要的商品粮基地,但是严重的水土流失给其粮食产量带来了严峻考验。论文在遥感和GIS支持下,选择黑龙江省乌裕尔河和讷谟尔河两流域包含的东北典型黑土区作为研究区,以USLE模型和SPOT 5影像为基础,分别获取了2005年研究区的坡面侵蚀量和侵蚀沟分布数据,据此分析了典型黑土区坡面侵蚀和沟蚀之间在不同等级、坡度、坡向等方面的耦合关系。研究发现微度侵蚀和轻度侵蚀是坡面侵蚀主要区域,沟蚀发展程度比较剧烈;坡度小于5°时,坡度是沟蚀产生的制约因素,当大于5°时,坡度已经不是侵蚀沟形成过程中的主要控制因素;阳坡坡面侵蚀量高于阴坡的坡面侵蚀量,坡向在东北典型黑土区不是影响沟蚀发育的首要因子;侵蚀强度在2 500 t/(km2.a)以下的地区,随着坡面侵蚀量的增大侵蚀沟密度增大,而当大于2 500 t/(km2.a)以后,侵蚀沟密度比较稳定。
Black Soil Area of Northeast China is one of the most important marketable grain bases in China, but serious soil loss bring the crucial challenge to the marketable grain production. In this paper, supportad by Remote Sensing and Geographic Information System, taking typical Black Soil Area of Northeast China which is located in the Wuyuer River and Nemoer River basins as study area, based on USLE model and SPOT 5 imagery, the amount of soil erosion on hillslope and gully distribution data in 2005 were obtained respectively. Then the coupling relations be- tween hillslope erosion and gully erosion of different grades, slopes, aspects and so on were ana- lyzed. The results showed that slight erosion and light erosion were the main hillslope eroded area in the study area. Gully erosion was much serious and had a great potential for development. When the slope was below 5°, slope was the key factor causing gully erosion. However, when the slope was above 5°, slope was no more the important factor causing gully erosion. In addition, it showed that the amount of hillslope erosion on sunny slope was higher than shady slope, but for the gully erosion, aspect was not the key factor affecting the formation of gully erosion in Black Soil Area of Northeast China. In areas with an erosion intensity smaller than 2500 t/（ km2· a） , erosion gully density increased with the amount of hillslope erosion. However, When it is greater than 2500 t/（ km2· a）, the erosion gully density would be comparatively stable.